Zaafan M.A.Zaki H.F.El-Brairy A.I.Kenawy S.A.Pharmacology & Toxicology DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyOctober University for Modern Sciences and ArtsCairoEgypt; Pharmacology & Toxicology DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityGizaEgypt2020-01-092020-01-0920161902148https://doi.org/10.1080/01902148.2016.1244578PubMed ID 27797599https://t.ly/BXOqXScopusObjective: The current study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC; 100. mg/kg) on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis (5�mg/kg; intratracheal) in rats. Materials and Methods: Rats were randomly assigned to three groups: normal control, bleomycin control, and PDTC-treated groups. Lung injury was evaluated through histological examination, immunohistochemical detection of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lung tissue and evaluating the total and differential leucocytes count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Lung tissue was used for biochemical assessment of lung content of hydroxyproline, transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-?1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) as well as analysis of lipid peroxides, reduced glutathione (GSH), and total nitrite contents. Results: PDTC attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis as evidenced by histological observations, decreased iNOS expression and prevention of bleomycin-induced altered total and differential leukocytes count. Additionally, PDTC caused a significant decrease in lung contents of hydroxyproline, TGF-?1, TNF-?, lipid peroxides, and total nitrite coupled with increase in lung GSH content as compared to bleomycin control group. Conclusion: PDTC attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats via its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifibrotic activities. � 2016 Taylor & Francis.Englishbleomycinnitric oxidepulmonary fibrosispyrrolidinedithiocarbamatetumor necrosis factor-alphableomycincollagenglutathionehydroxyprolineinducible nitric oxide synthaselipid peroxidemalonaldehydenitritepyrrolidine dithiocarbamatetransforming growth factor beta1tumor necrosis factorantiinflammatory agentantioxidantbleomycinpyrrolidine derivativepyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acidthiocarbamic acid derivativeanimal experimentanimal modelanimal tissueantifibrotic activityantiinflammatory activityantioxidant activityArticlebiochemical analysisbleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosisbronchoalveolar lavage fluidclinical evaluationcontrolled studydrug activitydrug efficacyhistopathologyimmunohistochemistryinflammationleukocyte differential countlipid peroxidationlung injurylung lavagelung parenchymalung structuremalenonhumanoxidative stresspriority journalprotein expressionratanimalchemically induceddrug effectsinflammationpathologyPulmonary FibrosisAnimalsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAntioxidantsBleomycinInflammationOxidative StressPulmonary FibrosisPyrrolidinesRatsThiocarbamatesArticlehttps://doi.org/10.1080/01902148.2016.1244578PubMed ID 27797599