El Bishbishy M.H.Gad H.A.Aborehab N.M.Pharmacognosy DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyOctober University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA)GizaEgypt; Pharmacognosy DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt; Biochemistry DepartmentFaculty of PharmacyOctober University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA)GizaEgypt2020-01-092020-01-0920207317085https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112840PubMed ID 31522096https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0731708519306648ScopusAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the most widespread neurodegenerative disease; there are around ten million new cases of Alzheimer yearly worldwide especially in middle or low-income countries. Pistacia is a genus of flowering plants including the well-known, economically important P. chinensis Bunge, P. lentiscus L. and P. khinjuk. In this study, the metabolic profiling of Pistacia leaves extracts was achieved via UHPLC-ESI-MS analysis and GC�MS analysis employing chemometric analysis for their discrimination. In addition, the methanolic extracts of different Pistacia species were assessed for their anti-cholinesterase and anti-inflammatory activities by various in vitro assays. 37 and 30 metabolites belonging to different classes were identified by UHPLC-ESI-MS and GC�MS analyses respectively. Chemometric analysis revealed that P. lentiscus and P. khinjuk were more closely related chemically to each other. All studied Pistacia leaves extracts showed apparent anti-cholinesterase and anti-inflammatory activities, which promotes their use in the prevention and management of AD. � 2019 Elsevier B.V.EnglishOctober University for Modern Sciences and Artsجامعة أكتوبر للعلوم الحديثة والآدابUniversity of Modern Sciences and ArtsMSA UniversityAnti-choline esteraseAnti-inflammatory activitiesGC�MSPistaciaUHPLC-ESI-MSanthocyaninantiinflammatory agentcatechincholinesterase inhibitorflavonoidglycosideisoquercitrinkaempferol 3 o di hexose o pentosekaempferol 3 o hexose o deoxy hexose o pentosidekaempferol 3 o malonylhexosideluteolin 7 o glycuronidemyricetin 3 o galactosidemyricetin galloyl hexosidemyricetin rutinosidephenol derivativePistacia chinensis extractPistacia khinjuk extractPistacia lentiscus extractplant extractquercetin 3 o di hexose o pentosequercetin 3 o glucuronidequercetin 3 o hexose o pentosidequercetin 3 o malonyl hexosidequercetin 3,4 diglucosidequercetin galloyl deoxyhexosequercetin galloyl hexosidequercetin galloyl hexuronidequercetin glucoside o rutinosiderutosideunclassified drugunindexed drugantiinflammatory activityArticlechemometric analysischolinesterase inhibitioncontrolled studyelectrospray mass spectrometryin vitro studymass fragmentographymemorymetabolic fingerprintingPistaciaPistacia chinensisPistacia khinjukPistacia lentiscusplant leafpriority journalultra performance liquid chromatographyArticlehttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112840PubMed ID 31522096