Mahmoud ElHendawy, AbdelrahmanTarek Mohamed, EsraaEssamEldin Allam, HendAlaa Hassan, Osama2020-12-202020-12-202020Copyright © 2020 MSA University. All Rights Reserved.http://repository.msa.edu.eg/xmlui/handle/123456789/4254A project submitted in partial fulfillment of B.Sc Degree in Pharmaceutical Sciences for October University for Modern Sciences and ArtsNo shadow of a doubt that the emerging of resistance of Gram-negative nosocomial infections rings the bell of danger, especially after they proved their resistance against carbapenems which was the last resort of antibiotics. In recent years, researchers have changed their destinations to start studying bacteriophages after a decade of no new classes of antibiotics which were known as “dry pipeline”. This study aims to investigate the potential of using lytic bacteriophages as an alternative therapy to antibiotics for MDR infections caused by biofilm-producing Gram-negative bacteria “Klebsiella pneumoniae”, “Acinetobacter baumannii” and “Pseudomonas aeruginosa”, 30 clinical bacterial isolates for each bacterial species were collected from hospitals in Cairo, Egypt and identified phenotypically, then tested for their resistance against antibiotics using Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method. Liquid sewage samples were collected from sewage stations and hospitals around Egypt then were processed without filtration or centrifugation and incubated with the bacteria to propagate the phages present, furthermore, phages were hunted using spotting assay, isolated and purified by serial dilution 7 times.enMSA UniversityDSpace EgyptUniversity of Modern Sciences and Artsجامعة أكتوبر للعلوم الحديثة والآدابMicrobiology and ImmunologyOther