Albalawi, Marzough AzizHafez, Ahmed MElhawary, Seham SSedky, Nada KHassan, Omnia FBakeer, Rofanda MAbd El Hadi, SohaEl‑Desoky, Ahmed HMahgoub, SebaeyMokhtar, Fatma A2023-05-252023-05-252023-05https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33988-1http://repository.msa.edu.eg/xmlui/handle/123456789/5581This study evaluated the topical efect of Lepidium sativum lyophilized seed extract (LSLE) towards Sustanon-induced alopecia in male adult Wistar albino rats in vivo, compared to minoxidil topical reference standard drug (MRD). LC–MS/MS together with molecular networking was used to profle the metabolites of LSLE. LSLE treated group revealed signifcant changes in alopecia related biomarkers, perturbation of androgenic markers; decline in testosterone level and elevation in 5α-reductase (5-AR); decline in the cholesterol level. On the other hand, LSLE treated group showed improvement in vascular markers; CTGF, FGF and VEGF. Groups treated topically with minoxidil and LSLE showed signifcant improvement in hair length. LC–MS/MS profle of LSLE tentatively identifed 17 constituents: mainly glucosinolates, favonoid glycosides, alkaloids and phenolic acids. The results point to the potential role of LSLE in the treatment of alopecia through decreasing 5(alpha)- dihydrotestosterone levels. Molecular docking was attempted to evaluate the probable binding mode of identifed compounds to androgen receptor (PDB code: 4K7A).en-USmedicinal activitylyophilized aqueousLepidium sativum Landrogenic alopeciaArticlehttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-33988-1