Ezzat, Shahira MAbdel Motaal, A.S. Haddad, P.2019-10-292019-10-292011Abdel-Hady, N.M., 1998. Pharmacognostical investigation and biological verification of some recipes and preparations of natural origin for the treatment of diabetes. MS Thesis, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. Abdel-Kawy, M.A., El-Deib, S., El-Khyat, Z., Mikhail, Y.A., 2000. Chemical and biological studies of Cleome droserifolia (Forssk.) Del. Part-I. Egypt. J. Biomed. Sci. 6, 204–218. Benhaddou-Andaloussi, A., Martineau, L.C., Spoor, D., Vuong, T., et al., 2008. Antidiabetic activity of Nigella sativa seed extract in cultured pancreatic cells, skeletal muscle, and adipocytes. Pharm. Biol. 46, 96–104. Benhaddou-Andaloussi, A., Martineau, L.C., Vallerand, D., Haddad, Y., Afshar, A., Settaf, A., Haddad, P.S., 2010. Multiple molecular targets underlie the antidiabetic effect of Nigella sativa seed extract in skeletal muscle, adipocyte and liver cells. Diab. Obes. Metab. 12, 148–157. El-Askary, H.I., 2005. Terpenoids from Cleome droserifolia (Forssk.) Del. Molecules 10, 971–977. El Naggar, E.M.B., Bartosikova, L., Zemlicka, M., Svajdlenka, E., Rabiskova, M., et al., 2005. Antidiabetic effect of Cleome droserifolia aerial parts: lipid peroxidationinduced oxidative stress in diabetic rats. Acta Vet. Brn. 74, 347–352. He, A., Liu, X., Liu, L., Chang, Y., Fang, F., 2007. How many signals impinge on GLUT4 activation by insulin? Cell. Signal. 19, 1–7. Ismael, L.D., 1992. Pharmacognostical study of certain Cleome species growing in Egypt. MS Thesis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt Konrad, D., Rudich, A., Bilani, P.J., Patel, N., Richardson, C., Witters, L.A., Klip, A., 2005. Troglitazone causes acute mitochondrial membrane depolarisation and an AMPK-mediated increase in glucose phosphorylation in muscle cells. Diabetologia 48, 954–966. Mohamed, S., El-Ansari, M.A., Nabiel,A.M., 1997. Flavonoids offour Cleome and three Capparis species. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 25 (2), 161–166. Nicola, W.G., Ibrahim, K.M., Mikhail, T.H., Girgis, R.B., Khadr, M.E., 1996. Role of the hypoglycemic plant extract Cleome droserifolia in improving glucose and lipid metabolism and its relation to insulin resistance in fatty liver. Boll. Chim. Farm. 135 (9), 507–517. Nour, A.M., Khalid, S.A., Kaiser, M., Brun, R., Abdalla, W.E., Schmidt, T.J., 2010. The antiprotozoal activity of methylated flavonoids from Ageratum conyzoides L. J. Ethnopharm. 129, 127–130. Spoor, D., Martineau, L.C., Leduc, A., Benhaddou-Andaloussi, A., Meddah, B., et al., 2006. Selected plant species from the Cree pharmacopoeia of northern Quebec possess anti-diabetic potential. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 84, 847–858.https://doi.org/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/21890334/The antidiabetic activities of the aqueous (AqEx) and ethanolic (AlEx) extracts of Cleome droserifolia (Forssk.) Del., were tested in cultured C2C12 skeletal muscle cells and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. An 18-h treatment with the AqEx increased basal glucose uptake by 33% [insulin equivalent (IE) = 1.3 ± 0.04] in muscle cells comparable to a 25.5% increase caused by 100 nM insulin (IE = 1 ± 0.03). Fractionation of the tested AqEx yielded hexane (HxFr), chloroform (ClFr) and ethyl acetate (EtFr) fractions which exerted 38, 52 and 35% increase in the glucose uptake corresponding to an IE of 1.5 ± 0.06, 2.0 ± 0.04 and 1.4 ± 0.04, respectively. Only the ClFr and EtFr accelerated the triglyceride accumulation [rosiglitazone equivalent(RE) was 0.9 ± 0.13 and 0.63 ± 0.12, respectively] in pre-adipocytes undergoing differentiation comparably with 10 M rosiglitazone. Six terpenoids (C1–C6) and three flavonol glycosides (F1–F3) were isolated from the active ClFr and EtFr, respectively, and identified. C5, C2 and C4 had an IE of 0.86 ± 0.05, 1.01 ± 0.04 and 0.9 ± 0.08, while F1, F2 and F3 gave an IE of 1.3 ± 0.05, 2.3 ± 0.05 and 2.0 ± 0.04, respectively. We could conclude that the reported antihyperglycemic activity of Cleome droserifolia is attributed to significant insulin-like effects in peripheral tissues, and that compounds F2 and F3, being highly active, could be used as bioactive markers to standardize the C. droserifolia herbal extract.endroserifoliaCleomebioassaysantidiabeticArticlehttps://doi.org/