Amr K.S.Bayoumi F.S.Eissa E.Abu-Zekry M.Medical molecular genetics DepartmentNational Research CentreCairoEgypt; Immunogenetics DepartmentNational Research CentreCairoEgypt; Microbiology and Immunology DepartmentMSA UniversityEgypt; Immunogenetics DepartmentNational Research CentreCairoEgypt; Abu El Reesh Children�s HospitalCairo UniversityCairoEgypt2020-01-092020-01-09201917641489https://doi.org/10.23822/EurAnnACI.1764-1489.90PubMedID30983306https://t.ly/YZZnJScopusCeliac disease is an enteropathy induced by ingestion of gluten triggering an immune response in genetically predisposed individuals. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that have a role as regulators of gene expression at the post transcriptional level. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of using circulating miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers in pediatric patients with celiac disease. In addition, we examine the effect of a gluten-free diet on the expression of these miRNAs in serum of CD patients. The expression pattern of miR-21 and miR-31 was estimated in serum of 25 untreated CD patients (recently diagnosed), 25 treated CD patients (on gluten-free diet) and 20 healthy controls using qRT-PCR. Our results demonstrated the significant up-regulation of microRNA-21 in the untreated celiac patients in comparison with the treated group and healthy controls. Moreover, miR-31 expression was significantly under-expressed in the untreated celiac patients in comparison with the treated group and healthy controls. Furthermore, the results showed that miR-21 expression level was significantly positively correlated with the tTG IgA auto-antibodies. In conclusion, circulating miRNA-21 and miRNA-31 could serve as potential non-invasive biomarkers for pediatric CD patients. � 2019, EDRA S.p.A. All rights reserved.EnglishOctober University for Modern Sciences and Artsجامعة أكتوبر للعلوم الحديثة والآدابUniversity of Modern Sciences and ArtsMSA UniversityAutoantibodiesBiomarkersCeliac diseaseGluten free dietMicroRNAimmunoglobulin A antibodymicroRNA 21microRNA 31protein glutamine gamma glutamyltransferaseadolescentArticleceliac diseasechildchildhood diseaseclinical articlecontrolled studydown regulationfemalegene expressiongluten free diethumanmalereverse transcription polymerase chain reactionupregulationArticlehttps://doi.org/10.23822/EurAnnACI.1764-1489.90PubMedID30983306