Faculty Of Engineering Sciences Journal Volume 2 - Issue 1&2 - 2023

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AN Experimental Study on Strengthening of R.C Flat Slab Edge Column Connections Subjected to Punching Shear Due to Eccentric Loads Using FRP
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) I. Khaleel, G.; M. Elsayed, K.; I. Omar, M.
During the last few years, the need to flat slab systems has rapidly increased. The slab column connections behavior plays decisive role because of the sudden expected brittle failure as the slab may be punched by column, so improving the behavior of these connections is essential. Flat slab column connections can benefit from being strengthened by fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) as a structural application in punching shear [1]. The effect of using carbon fiber (CFRP) and glass fiber (GFRP) was investigated experimentally, also steel reinforcement bars were utilized as strengthening element for comparison. Results of tested fifteen half-scale flat slab-edge column connections reinforced concrete specimens under eccentric loads were obtained. The investigated parameters were the eccentricity value, the type of strengthening material and the number of rows of strengthening elements. Five groups were created from the fifteen tested specimens, every one contained three specimens. The first group consisted of three non-strengthening specimens, with variable eccentricity values (0, e & 2e), these specimens were considered as control ones. Each of the other four groups consisted of three specimens, which were strengthened by CFRP, GFRP and steel bars. All the specimens of the second and fourth groups were strengthened by one row of strengthening elements. All the specimens of the third and fifth groups were strengthened by two rows of strengthening elements. The second and third groups were loaded with the eccentricity value (e) while the fourth and fifth groups were loaded with the eccentricity value (2e). According to the test results, punching shear resistance increased up to 82 %. Also, the ductility factor results revealed improvement of up to 50%. Ultimate loads were predicted according to ACI 440, and the calculated values shown good agreement with the experimental ones.
The Impact Of Walkways and Open Spaces on Promoting Sustainable Pattern of Life in the Campus Case Study Of Mahlia Girls' Campus Jazan University , Saudi Arabia
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) AHMED, Muna
The term "University Campus" defines an institutional place that is used for education as the primary activity for a large number of students and staff, the physical environment of a campus includes buildings, open spaces and all the essential infrastructures needed to function effectively .The concept of ‘Walkability’ provides an important principle of sustainability in such places, the quality of campus environment in terms of walkways and open spaces has positive influence on ‘Walkability’. The quality of which the built environment enables the mobility of pedestrians define it's walkability .This study examines the impact of walkways and open spaces on walkability in Mahlia Girls' Campus of Jazan University. The author investigated the existing conditions of the campus and their impact on creating a sustainable pattern of life .The research methods applied a mix of methods: a walkability audit tool to record data of physical built environment elements was developed and tested, a questionnaire and direct observation. The resulting data were statistically analysed. The results obtained were supported by graphical illustrations prepared by the author. The research found certain physical infrastructure challenges that influence female students and staff willingness to walk. Results emphasis major factors such as landscape , width and connectivity of the walkway ,weather protection and shading , appropriate urban furniture for activities such as seating and places for refreshment .The conclusions are summarized to provide design guidelines for the improvement and enhancement of existing conditions.
Identification of key Risks in Fast-Track Construction projects: A Literature Review
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Amir, Amani; khodeir, Laila; Khaled, Ahmed
Fast-track construction projects have become more common in recent years as a response to increased demand. The sector was known for its high-risk and high-complexity features. Regardless of the degree of difficulty in construction projects, the construction industry has responded to requirements for faster project delivery deadlines to meet standards, emergency/disaster preservation, and time-to-market constraints. The purpose of this study was to clarify risk management's role in fast-track construction projects, evaluate how fast-track construction projects impact the construction time of such projects, and investigate risks that might occur from different levels of overlap. To achieve this, the paper undergone a comprehensive literature review on several 43 papers that have been published in Scopus. The researcher reviewed the literature for several studies, such as papers and books in this field from 2000 to 2021. The results were: identifying accelerated techniques and their classification; clarifying risks; risk management processes and their classification; and clarifying risks in fast-track construction projects because of an unfair risk distribution between the contractual parties because of specific or incorrect contract terms. This has led to a careful assessment of the scope of the work and how the project will be executed.
Thermal Comfort Strategies for the City of Hurghada
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) M. Ayyad, Karim
Climatic data analysis aims at deciphering the different environmental factors that architects face when designing a building at a certain location. However, these factors can be magnified or diminished by other natural settings such as topography and surrounding landscape. In this work, the different environmental and natural factors affecting the city of Hurghada are analyzed and various design strategies are evaluated, with the aim of obtaining the most efficient design strategies for achieving thermal comfort. The resulting strategies can be used by architects and decision-makers when assessing the different building design options for future development projects in the city of Hurghada.
On the Derivative Backoff Problem in PID Controllers
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) M. Alenany, Ahmed
The Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) is by far the most common controller in process industries. In practice, a problem with PID controllers may arise when the controlled process variable (PV) saturates. At this point, the error, i.e., the difference between the set point (SP) and PV becomes constant, and so the derivative control action becomes zero or backs off. This leads to a sudden increase in the total controller output and as a result the process variable moves above its limit showing larger overshoot and settling time. To solve this problem, it is proposed to modify the PID controller action when the PV saturates. The modification is simply to multiply the derivative part by a suitable gain, transfer it to the integral part, and then the derivative part is set to zero. When the process output later becomes unsaturated, the derivative action is activated again. This technique is shown to reduce the overshoot, settling time, integral of absolute error (IAE), and works well in the presence of measurement noise. Although the optimal value of the gain depends on the size of disturbance which is not usually known, a fixed value of 2 is shown to be reasonable for most levels of disturbance.
Effective Use of Authenticity Value as a Catalyst for Coastal Intermediate Cities Development: A Case of Al-Quseir City, Egypt
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) M. Elsayed, Maha; A. Shawky, Kariman
The concept of Authenticity refers to a property's ability to ensure, preserve, and sustain its cultural value over time. In recent years, the UNESCO World Heritage Center has worked to create a conceptual framework that would provide criteria for evaluating, conserving, and managing urban heritage. Coastal cities are attractive destinations for both inhabitants and visitors all over the world. Further, intermediate coastal cities are considered to have a critical and significant basis in developing substantial economic and social interactions. Therefore, this research aims to examine the potentials and values of intermediate coastal cities in Egypt to identify practical guidelines that may efficiently enhance cities' development taking Al-Quseir city as a case study, one of the most promising coastal cities. Based on profound theoretical and analytical studies, the authenticity concept was studied and analyzed composing a list of indicators that illustrate the value of coastal cities. Followed by an analysis of Al-Quseir city and examining it against the authenticity adopted indicators. In addition to evaluating the Al-Quseir strategic plan to determine to what extent it contributes to enhancing the value of the city's authenticity. Moreover, this study will offer an assessment framework by which the development of Al-Quseir city could be assessed.
Numerical and Experimental Investigations of Bladeless Wind Turbine for Green Energy Applications
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Nagdy Faris, Khaled; Naiem, Abdelrahman; Hesham, Sara; Ali Abdelnaby, Mohammed
Green energy applications have been a promising research area last two decades. One of these applications is using the power of wind for electrical power generation; wind turbines with different designs have great importance in this field. However, capturing energy from wind by using traditional wind farms has several limitations such as large installation space, specified airflow conditions, shading effect, noise, and design and maintenance complexity. Bladeless wind turbines have been used to convert wind energy into useful kinetic energy to overcome these obstacles. This paper introduces numerical and experimental investigations of a bladeless wind turbine for harvesting energy from wind. The proposed design has a cylindrical structure to resonate at a wide range of wind speeds and directions, which can maximize the harvested energy. Eigenfrequency simulation modules were developed to determine the structure’s natural frequencies and mode shapes which aimed for continuous tunning with the generated vortex shed frequency. Furthermore, the numerical investigations extended to simulate the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis to accurately define the dynamic response of the bladeless wind turbine under different air-flow conditions. The resulting kinetic energy is delivered to an alternator to convert it into electrical power.
Origami-inspired interactive kinetic façades design: Using different interaction areas of students’ positions to improve visual comfort in schools in Egypt
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Sayed Mahmoud, Yasmeen; Abdel Kader Abdel Mohsen, Mourad; Ali Nessim, Ashraf
Nowadays, we are faced with multi-sustainability challenges in the existing buildings in different sectors. Especially in the educational sector, this is a result of the disregard for their orientations and location and changes in the education system, which leads to the possibility of developing the functions and needs of these buildings. Thus, dealing with and monitoring educational buildings, especially schools, and changing them to sustainable and smart buildings are the main approach in recent days. Besides using Kinetic and interactive building envelopes is the main factor of building sustainability as referred by the literature and occupants’ preferences involvement in the façade design, it provides more efficiency of the environmental performance, especially in visual comfort and improving the users' comfort. Enhancing visual performance and decreasing energy consumption leads to improvement in occupants’ well-being and productivity and a healthy learning environment in schools. This research discusses what is the suitable proposed geometrical approach of modular interactive façade design, and how it is simple to modulate, apply and adapt to external and internal changes. The main aim of this research is to study and apply adaptive and 3D modular interactive kinetic origami-based façade (IKF) and the development of form proportions of its modulation to improve the quality of daylighting performance for all orientations using climate studio software according to specific parameters to meet the standard daylight level in public schools in Egypt according to daylight and students' positions. The results show that the proposed IKF prevents visual discomfort and improves daylight performance.
Efficiency of (GFRP- Steel) Stirrups in Reinforcing the Punching of Slab-Column Connections subjected to Eccentric Load
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) H. Makhlouf, Mohamed; Ismail, Gamal; H. Abdel Kareem, Ahmed; I. Badawi, Marwa
The effectiveness of inner stirrups as the punching shear reinforcement for slab-column connections under eccentric loading was studied in this research with the purpose of improving the punching behaviour. This research experimental data and results study the effect of using steel, and glass fiber reinforced polymer stirrups (GFRPS) as punching shear reinforcement for interior slab-column connections (S-C-C) under eccentric loading. The experimental program consists of six flat slabs with dimensions of 1600*1600 *150 mm, stub column having a 200*200 mm cross-section with 700 mm total height extended outside both sides of the slab. The variables were the materials used for manufacturing stirrups (Steel - GFRP), the distance between stirrups (50 or 70) mm, and the case of loading (eccentric or centric load). The experimental results showed a noticeable increase in punching shear resistance for the slabs reinforced with stirrups ranged from 28 to 63% compared to the control specimen. Finite element analysis was performed using the Abaqus/CAE6.14 software, and the results were compared to the experimental results, which revealed a significant agreement. A Parametric analysis was also performed on the validated model. Finally, Equations for punching strength prediction were applied and then compared with the experimental results.
Evolution of AI role in architectural design: between parametric exploration and machine hallucination
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Hegazy, Muhammad; Mohamed Saleh, Ahmed
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into architectural design has revolutionized the building industry. AI offers a wide range of algorithmic approaches that can be used to explore abstract conceptual designs and generate an unlimited number of design ideas based on mathematically defined parameters. This paper provides an exploratory study that critically reviews the evolution of AI in architectural design. The study highlights the potentials, limitations, and future vision of this technology within the context of architectural design. AI has transitioned from a tool for functional optimization to an unprecedented resource for design inspiration based on machine intelligence. However, the authors emphasize the importance of a balanced approach that ensures AI-generated designs are human-centric, environmentally responsible, and culturally sensitive. The study concludes that AI has the potential to inspire and enhance architectural design but must be used ethically and responsibly to avoid negative impacts on human creativity and design ethics.
Kid-ML: ML For Kidney Malignant Tissues Identification
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Gamal Ramadan, Al-Shaimaa; Tarek Ibrahim, Omar; M. D. E. Hassanein, Ahmed
stract A considerable worldwide medical and health burden is imposed by kidney disease due to its high rates of morbidity and death as well as its high economic cost. Imaging tests can be used by doctors to detect kidney tumors or other diseases. Imaging studies include Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI), Computed Tomography(CT) scan, and ultrasound scan which consume a lot of time from doctors to detect kidney cancers through them. In order to help doctors to identify tumors in their early stages, they can use simple Machine Learning(ML) techniques or Deep Learning techniques through diagnostics and predictions applications. A rise in interest in deep learning algorithms, which are Artificially Intelligently (AI) based, on a worldwide scale has enabled recent improvements in medical imaging and kidney segmentation. Deep Learning techniques which are AI-based can offer and identify the kidney tumor in a more efficient method, allowing for the development of a more effective kidney tumor detection system. An input layer, one or more hidden layers, and an output layeare the components of Artificial Neural Networks(ANNs) which is one kind of Deep Learning(DL) algorithm that imitates biological neurons. Another kind is Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs) which are often the most effective and well-liked in computer vision for image categorization in medical imaging. Deep learning techniques based on CNNs have shown promising results in a variety of medical image processing applications. However; all deep learning techniques consume very high computational power. In this work, we study the use of simple machine learning algorithms such as Decision Tree(DT), K Nearest Neighbor(KNN), Random Forest(RF) and Logistic Regression(LR) algorithms and compare their results. Simple machine learning algorithms consumes minimum computational power. We discuss the behavior of those machine learning algorithms while changing the resolution of the images. We found that the accuracy of simple machine learning algorithm is stable while decreasing the resolution of images to be 32pixels.
Design and Implementation of an Autonomous Water Surface Cleaning Robot
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Yousef Takawy, Mina; Gamal Ezz-Eldin, Ahmed; M. Bayoumy Aly, Amgad
Water is a vital resource, but industrialization has caused water pollution to become a significant issue. An autonomous water surface-cleaning robot is a machine that is designed to navigate and clean the surface of a body of water without human intervention. The robot is equipped with sensors and algorithms that allow it to detect and remove debris, such as leaves and twigs, from the water's surface. In addition to removing visible debris. one of the main advantages of using an autonomous water surface cleaning robot is the ability to continuously clean the water without the need for human intervention. This allows for a more efficient and effective cleaning process, as the robot can operate around the clock if needed. Additionally, the use of a robot can help to reduce the risk of injury or accidents that may be associated with manual cleaning methods, such as using a net to remove debris. A fixed arm is included for collecting and depositing waste into a basket on the hull, and electronic circuits and motors are protected inside the hull. The robot can operate autonomously, including detecting and avoiding obstacles and cleaning the water's surface. It also has a docking station that alerts the robot when it has reached its maximum garbage capacity or when the battery is low. The robot includes modules for movement, positioning, obstacle avoidance, communication, and power management, as well as a system for cleaning the water's surface.
Virtual Reality as A Tool to Enhance Students’ Perceptions of Architectural Historical Spaces
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) A. LotfiY. A. Lotfi, Y.; F. Aly, T.; Sadek, R.
The future relied on advanced and smart technologies after covid. Teaching strategies became more virtually oriented. Despite the important role of visiting historical sites in architectural students’ knowledge and space perception. The study aim is to highlight the significance of virtual related technologies in teaching as a smart strategy to enhance students' perceptions in architectural universities and cope with the future of technology, specifically in “History of Architecture” courses. An overview of virtual related technologies will be presented, exploring different techniques, elements and types, this will be built on a theoretical study. In addition, the significance of virtual spaces on students’ perceptions will be investigated through a non-equivalent quasi experimental study. A group of students will experience a historical space through a non-immersive virtual tour, and the other group will experience the same space through 2D photographs. Findings of the study presented the effect of virtual related technologies in enhancing the architectural students' perceptions toward historical sites. For a better understanding of spaces in architectural universities.
Determining Optimal Locations for Emergency Service Centers with Limited Capacity
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Hussein Hassan, Emad El-din; Zaazou, Zeinab
The rational management of emergency services centers focuses on two important goals, the optimal positioning of these centers to be able to provide services in the fastest possible way, and the second is to ensure that these centers can provide, with no delay, service to every one upon his/her request, especially in emergency cases when demand on these services are at the peak which means that in urban design it is very important to locate the emergency service centers in a position that satisfy both the two above goals. In fact, several research works concerned with determining the optimum location of the service centers but with a little concern of the limited capacity of each center. This research discusses how to achieve these two goals by treating the problem mathematically. Limitation of the capacity of each center is also a matter of concern. Finally, an effective computer algorithm is provided to illustrate the practical implication of the performed mathematical solution.
Improving a pedestrian friendly environment in low income Egyptian district
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Ali, Samaa Said ,Aya Adel El-Sayeda,Marwa
In many developing countries, districts were mainly designed for cars rather than pedestrians’ despite of the need for encouraging walkability. Furthermore, streets are becoming more crowded and congested with poor or even non-existent pedestrian facilities. In addition to, low income residents claimed that they suffered from walking daily a distance 1-2 km without any facilities to be found in the street within the district. Therefore, the aim of this research is to develop a checklist for the factors that would aid in the decision –making process for the improvement of pedestrian facilities in the Egyptian districts. Delphi technique is used to correlate the urban design sustainability with both principles of walkability & pedestrian facilities. the Result shows that the most important facility that should be applied at first Infrastructure then followed by Side Walk, complete streets, Livability, Safety then Mobility. This list would be as a guide for the futuristic urban planners and authorities in order to develop the pedestrian facilities in Egypt and also in an other developing countries
Behavior Planning for Autonomous Driving: Methodologies, Applications, and Future Orientation
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) S. Kassem, Nada; F. Saad, Sameh; I. Elshaaer, Yasser
Decision-making is a crucial task for autonomous driving. Taking the wrong decision might cause a cartographical accident. Decision-making implies planning the appropriate behavior based on the current state of the vehicle and its environment. The paper aims to review the current state of the art of behavior Planning for autonomous driving. A basic categorization for behavior planning algorithms is introduced. Besides, a review of different algorithms is discussed with a comparison between different algorithms from the point of view of the suitable scenario. Finally, promising research topics are discussed.
A Proposed Methodology to Achieve Thermal Comfort in Residential Urban Clusters Through Sustainable Urbanization
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Nour Eldin, Ahmed; Mohamed abbas, Marwa
The research has studied the relationship between the quality of thermal comfort in the outdoor spaces of the residential urban clusters on the quality of thermal comfort in the indoor spaces in order to provide a proposed approach for the designs of the outdoor spaces that work to raise the thermal comfort efficiency of the indoor spaces overlooking them, by studying the extent of the impact of these design variables on the thermal comfort in the outdoor urban space , by measuring the predictive average value of PMV as an indicator of outdoor thermal comfort, that is by using the results of previous studies to measure the thermal comfort of the external spaces of buildings through the inputs of climatic determinants and urban variables such as the geometric shape and orientation of the building block with the fixation of the other influential urban factors, by conducting a simulation using ENVI- MET for the outdoor spaces of the commonly designed residential urban clusters in the New Cairo area, and measuring the value of PMV as an indicator of the thermal comfort value of the indoor spaces, using DESIGN BUILDER for the indoor spaces, then comparing the results of the thermal comfort
Sustainable Architectural Pluralism Through Contemporary Architectural Design
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) F. Aly, Toka; A. Lotfi, Yomna
Architectural pluralism is an architecture that would adopt the ‘local character’, which is not only concerned with the geographical aspects but also the oblique way of life (the historical and cultural forces). While contemporary architecture is a term used to describe the current architectural styles present in today’s architecture; it is usually a form of construction that represents a wide range of building styles and designs originated or inherited from various influences. Considering the previous, this research aim is to investigate how pluralistic architecture could be found in contemporary architecture through implementing sustainability and its relation to the design morphology adopted by other contemporary architectural themes. It is intended to discuss different themes of contemporary architecture and highlight their design characteristics through analysis of 3-case studies that were presented to discuss in depth the features of these two themes. The study special focused on their contribution to providing a sustainable environment. The findings of this study indicated that pluralism in architecture is highly present in contemporary architecture, toward coping with community changes
Evaluation of the Possibility of Applying Artificial Intelligence Technology in Egyptian Smart City Planning
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) Sabry Gomaa, Niveen; Mostafa Emam, Wessam
The world and Egypt are currently paying great attention to the file of artificial intelligence and its applications in various sectors to achieve the country's goals in building digital Egypt and implementing the national strategy for artificial intelligence. A smart city is an urban area that relies on information and communication technology to improve the efficiency of its operational processes, in addition to raising the quality of services as it works to meet the needs of the current generations and ensure the needs of future generations, to improve living conditions in the city. In this sense, the research is concerned with studying the possibility of applying artificial intelligence in Egyptian smart cities and formulating recommendations through which it can be activated in planning smart cities and then achieving sustainable development in Egypt.
Sustainability in Egyptian Universities between Reality and the Target According to Egypt Vision 2030 and COP 27
(October university for modern sciences and Arts MSA, 2023) MOHAMMED, N.; BADAWY, E.
Egypt Vision 2030 and COP 27 aim at combating the negative impact of the climate change by promoting sustainable development. Construction increases pollutants and the university sector faces many challenges related to achieving sustainable development . The research aims to propose indicators to a reference framework, to evaluate the sustainable university campus in Egypt. in accordance with Egypt vision 2030 and (COP27) to be suitable to the reality of urbanization. There are three parts to assess the extent to which Egyptian universities incorporate sustainability principles. The first part starts with studying the determinants and criteria for designing the university campus in Egypt. It includes the environmental determinants and the criteria for green rating system. The second part is related to exploring the university campus according to the sustainable perspective and its evaluation systems. The research ends with an applied analytical study of models from Egyptian universities: a comparative analysis between the American University in Cairo and Beni Suef National University according to the elements of the reference framework proposed; The study concluded that the A.U.C achieves70% ,followed by B.S.N.U 50% Despiteof the state's intentions, this confirms the lack of interest in applying sustainability principles in the Egyptian universities.

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