Browsing by Author "Mohamed, Ahmed A"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Adipokine (adiponectin-rs1501299) Gene Variant and Patient Characteristics in Relation to Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease
    (Elsevier B.V, 2024-09) Mohamed, Amal A; Hassanin, Soha; Mohamed, Ahmed A; Zaafar, Dalia; Mohamed, Rasha; Hassan, Mohamed B; Hassanin, Al-Shaymaa A; Abouahmad, Eman Alsayed; Sak, Mohamed A; Abd el salam, Soha M; Abdelghafour, Reem A. M; Muharram, Nashwa M; Darwish, Marwa K; faried, Saadia; Nasraldin, Karmia; Hafez, Wael
    Background: Several genetic and metabolic variables, most notably the variation in the adipokine gene rs1501298, have been linked to metabolic-associated fatty liver disease etiopathogenesis (MAFLD). Liver biopsy, the gold standard for diagnosing MAFLD, is an invasive procedure; therefore, alternative diagnostic methods are required. Consequently, the integration of these metabolic variables with some of the patients’ characteristics may facilitate the development of noninvasive diagnostic methods that aid in the early detection of MAFLD, identification of at-risk individuals and planning of management strategies. Methods: This study included 224 Egyptians (107 healthy individuals and 117 MAFLD patients). Age, sex, BMI, clinical and laboratory characteristics, and rs1501299 adipokine gene polymorphisms were examined. The rs1501299 variant, insulin resistance, hypertension, obesity, blood pressure, lipid profile, hemoglobin A1C level, and hepatic fibrosis predictors were evaluated for MAFLD risk. The feasibility and effectiveness of developing non-invasive MAFLD diagnostic models will be investigated. Results: The +276G/T (rs1501299) polymorphism (GG vs GT/TT) was linked with MAFLD (OR: 0.43, CI: 0.26–0.69, P = 0.002). The GG variants had lower MAFLD rates than those of the GT and TT variants. In addition to altered lipid profiles, patients with MAFLD showed increased gamma-glutamyl transferase levels (GGT: 56 IU/L vs. 36 IU/L). Genetic diversity also affects the accuracy of hepatic fibrosis and steatosis prediction. Hepatic fibrosis and steatosis predictors had receiver operating characteristic (ROC) AUCs of 0.529%, 0.846%, and 0.700–0.825%, respectively. We examined a diagnostic model based on these variables and demonstrated its effectiveness. Conclusion: The Adipokine variant rs1501299 increased the risk of MAFLD. Identifying and genotyping this variation and other metabolic variables allow for a noninvasive diagnostic model for early MAFLD diagnosis and identification of those at risk. This study illuminates the prevention and management of MAFLD. Further research with more participants is needed to verify these models and to prove their MAFLD diagnostic efficacy.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Emergence of carbapenem resistant gram-negative pathogens with high rate of colistin resistance in Egypt: A cross sectional study to assess resistance trends during the COVID-19 pandemic
    (Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, 2024-03) Afify, Fatma A; Shata, Ahmed H; Aboelnaga, Nirmeen; Osama, Dina; Elsayed, Salma W; Saif, Nehal A; Mouftah, Shaimaa F; Shawky, Sherine M; Mohamed, Ahmed A; Loay, Omar; Elhadidy, Mohamed
    The current study investigated the temporal phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) trends among multi‐drug resistant and carbapenem‐resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from Egyptian clinical settings between 2020 and 2021. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial sensitivity of 111 clinical isolates against a panel of antibiotics were performed. Molecular screening for antibiotic resistance determinants along with integrons and associated gene cassettes was implemented. An alarming rate (98.2%) of these isolates were found to be phenotypically resistant to carbapenem. Although 23.9 % K. pneumoniae isolates were phenotypically resistant to colistin, no mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes were detected. Among carbapenem‐resistant isolates, blaNDM and blaOXA‐48‐like were the most prevalent genetic determinants and were significantly overrepresented among K. pneumoniae. Furthermore, 84.78% of K. pneumoniae isolates co‐produced these two carbapenemase genes. The plasmid‐ mediated quinolone resistance genes (qnrS and qnrB) were detected among the bacterial species and were significantly more prevalent among K. pneumoniae. Moreover, Class 1 integron was detected in 82% of the bacterial isolates. This study alarmingly reveals elevated resistance to last‐resort antibiotics such as carbapenems as well as colistin which impose a considerable burden in the health care settings in Egypt. Our future work will implement high throughput sequencing‐based antimicrobial resistance surveillance analysis for characterization of novel AMR determinants. This information could be applied as a step forward to establish a robust antibiotic stewardship program in Egyptian clinical settings, thereby addressing the rising challenges of AMR.