Browsing by Author "Menze E.T."

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The hidden mechanism beyond ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) potent in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2018) Ezzat, Shahira M; Ezzat M.I.; Okba M.M.; Menze E.T.; Abdel-Naim A.B.; Pharmacognosy Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; Cairo University; Kasr El-Ainy Street; Cairo; 11562; Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; October University for Modern Science and Arts (MSA); 6th October; 12566; Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain Shams University; Cairo; 11566; Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Pharmacy; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah; Saudi Arabia
Ethnopharmacological relevance Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a well known anti-inflammatory drug in the Egyptian, Indian and Chinese folk medicines, yet its mechanism of action is unclear. Aim of the study To explore its mechanism of action and to correlate it to its biophytochemicals. Materials and methods Various extracts viz. water, 50%, 70%, 80%, and 90% ethanol were prepared from ginger rhizomes. Fractionation of the aqueous extract (AE) was accomplished using Diaion HP-20. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of the different extracts and isolated compounds was evaluated using protein denaturation inhibition, membrane stabilization, protease inhibition, and anti-lipoxygenase assays. In vivo anti-inflammatory activity of AE was estimated using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema in rats at doses 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg b.wt. Results All the tested extracts showed significant (p< 0.1) in vitro anti-inflammatory activities. The strongest anti-lipoxygenase activity was observed for AE that was more significant than that of diclofenac (58% and 52%, respectively) at the same concentration (125 ?g/ml). Purification of AE led to the isolation of 6-poradol (G1), 6-shogaol (G2); methyl 6- gingerol (G3), 5-gingerol (G4), 6-gingerol (G5), 8-gingerol (G6), 10-gingerol (G7), and 1-dehydro-6-gingerol (G8). G1, G2 and G8 exhibited potent activity in all the studied assays, while G4 and G5 exhibited moderate activity. In vivo administration of AE ameliorated rat paw edema in a dose-dependent manner. AE (at 200 mg/kg) showed significant reduction in production of PGE2, TNF-?, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity by 60%, 57%, 60%, 41%, 32% and 67%, respectively. AE at 100 and 200 mg/kg was equipotent to indomethacin in reduction of NOx level and in increasing the total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Histopathological examination revealed very few inflammatory cells infiltration and edema after administration of AE (200 mg/kg) prior to carrageenan. Conclusions Ginger anti-inflammatory activity is mediated by inhibiting macrophage and neutrophils activation as well as negatively affecting monocyte and leukocyte migration. This was evidenced by the dose-dependent decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and replenishment the total antioxidant capacity. � 2017 Elsevier B.V.
In vivo anti-inflammatory activity and UPLC-MS/MS profiling of the peels and pulps of Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis and Cucumis melo var. reticulatus
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2019) Ezzat, Shahira M; Raslan M.; Salama M.M.; Menze E.T.; El Hawary S.S.; Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; Cairo University; Cairo; 11562; Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; October University for Modern Science and Arts (MSA); 6th October12566; Egypt; Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department; Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences; Beni-Suef University62511; Egypt; Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; The British University in Egypt; El-Sherouk City; Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain Shams University; Cairo; 11566; Egypt
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis and Cucumis melo var. reticulatus are the most famous varieties of netted muskmelon or cantaloupe in Egypt. Cantaloupe has a great reputation as an anti-inflammatory drug for hot inflammation of liver, cough, eczema, and kidney disorders such as ulcers in the urinary tract, and our objective was to confirm this use scientifically. Materials and methods: Inflammation was induced in adult male Sprague Dawley rats by subcutaneous injection of 0.05 ml of carrageenan (1% solution in saline) into the plantar surface of the right hind paw 30 min after oral pretreatment of the rats with 95% ethanolic extracts of Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis peels (CCP) and pulps (CCU) and Cucumis melo var. reticulatus peels (CRP) and pulps (CRU) at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg) was used as a standard drug. The effect of the tested samples was measured on the oedema volume, as well as PGE-2, TNF-? IL-6 and IL-1? levels. Metabolic profiling of the extracts was performed using UPLC-MS/MS analysis. Results: Pretreatment of rats with the ethanol extract of the pulps and peels of the two varieties at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg significantly inhibited the carrageenan-induced increase in the oedema volume of the rat paws after 3 h, except for the low dose of the French cantaloupe pulp. CRP at 50 mg/kg caused the most significant reductions in both TNF-? (P < 0.05) and IL-1? (P < 0.001) levels, while CCP caused the most significant reductions in PGE-2 and IL-6 (P < 0.05) levels. Increases in PGE-2, TNF-? IL-6 and IL-1? levels were also significantly prevented by indomethacin (10 mg/kg). UPLC-MS/MS facilitated the identification of 44 phenolic compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids. Conclusion: This is the first report of the chemical and biological study of the peels of Cucumis melo var. cantalupensis and Cucumis melo var. reticulatus. � 2019