Browsing by Author "Dkhil M.A."

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Olive (Olea europaea) leaf methanolic extract prevents HCl/ethanol-induced gastritis in rats by attenuating inflammation and augmenting antioxidant enzyme activities
(Elsevier Masson SAS, 2017) Al-Quraishy S.; Othman M.S.; Dkhil M.A.; Abdel Moneim A.E.; Department of Zoology; College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh; Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Preparatory Year; University of Hail; Hail; Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Biotechnology; October University for Modern Science and Arts (MSA); Giza; Egypt; Department of Zoology and Entomology; Faculty of Science; Helwan University; Cairo; Egypt
Gastritis is preponderantly characterized by inflammation of the lining epithelial layer and the chronic gastritis is considered as a pre-cancer lesion. For many centuries olive (Olea europaea) leaf has been used for its putative health potential, nonetheless, to date, the gastroprotective effects of olive leaves have not been studied yet. Hence, in this study we investigated whether olive leaf extract (OLE) could protect gastric mucosa against HCl/ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Hcl/ethanol administration caused significant damage to the gastric mucosa, as confirmed by gastric ulcer index and histological evaluation. However, this damage was largely prevented by pre-administering 20�mg/kg omeprazole or 100�mg/kg OLE. Interestingly, the damage was completely prevented by pre-administering 200 and 300�mg/kg OLE. Moreover, OLE attenuated the inflammatory response by decreasing nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B), cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) expressions, and down-regulating inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and interleukin-1? (IL-1?) in gastric mucosa. The gastroprotective mechanism of OLE involved the promotion of enzymatic and nonenzymatic molecules (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione reduced form), promoting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA expression, halting lipid peroxidation and preventing the overproduction of nitric oxide. Together, our findings clearly demonstrated that OLE could prevent HCl/ethanol-induced gastritis by attenuating inflammation and oxidant/antioxidant imbalance. Indeed, OLE could potentially be useful as a natural therapy for gastritis. � 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS
Oxidative stress and apoptosis are markers in renal toxicity following Egyptian cobra (Naja haje) envenomation
(University of Punjab (new Campus), 2014) Dkhil M.A.; Al-Quraishy S.; Farrag A.R.H.; Aref A.M.; Othman M.S.; Moneim A.E.A.; Department of Zoology; College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh; Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology and Entomology; Faculty of Science; Helwan University; Cairo; Egypt; Pathology Department; Medical Research Division; National Research Centre; Cairo; Egypt; Biological Science Department; Faculty of Dentistry; Modern Sciences and Arts University; Giza; Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department; Faculty of Biotechnology; Modern Science and Arts; Giza; Egypt
Snakebite is a serious and important problem in tropical and subtropical countries including Egypt. The venom of Egyptian cobra (Naja haje; L.) is complex, and it has been considered as a good source of short neurotoxins and several cytotoxins. In this study, oxidative stress inductions as well as apoptotic effects of the Egyptian cobra crude venom at a dose of 0.025mg/kg (intraperitoneal injection; i.p.) has been investigated in kidney of rats after 4 h. Twelve rats divided into 2 groups, Group I served as control group, Group II received i.p. injection of 0.025mg/kg of crude venom. The venom enhanced lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide productions in the kidney with concomitant reduction in glutathione content and superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase activities were inhibited. Moreover, the venom induced a renal injury as indicated by histopathological changes in the kidney tissue with an elevation in serum creatinine and urea. In addition, the renal ultrastructural changes were in the form of blebbing of visceral epithelial cells, and foot process disorganization. Also, the glomerular capillaries lined by hypertrophied endothelial cells. These findings were associated with the pro-apoptotic action in the kidney. The results suggest that Egyptian cobra venom stimulates oxidative stress to induce apoptosis in renal tissue through inhibition of mitochondrial respiration in male rats. Copyright 2014 Zoological Society of Pakistan.
The potential protective role of Physalis peruviana L. fruit in cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity
(Elsevier Ltd, 2014) Dkhil M.A.; Al-Quraishy S.; Diab M.M.S.; Othman M.S.; Aref A.M.; Moneim A.E.A.; Department of Zoology; College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh; Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology and Entomology; Faculty of Science; Helwan University; Cairo; Egypt; Department of Molecular Drug Evaluation; National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR); Giza; Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Faculty of Biotechnology; Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA); Giza; Egypt; Department of Biological Science; Faculty of Dentistry; Modern Sciences and Arts University (MSA); Giza; Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Asturias Institute of Biotechnology; University of Oviedo; Oviedo; Spain
This study aimed to investigate the potential protective role of Physalis peruviana L. (family Solanaceae) against cadmium-induced hepatorenal toxicity in Wistar rats. Herein, cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (6.5mg/kg bwt/day) was intraperitoneally injected for 5 days, and methanolic extract of physalis (MEPh) was pre-administered to a group of Cd-treated rats by an oral administration at a daily dose of 200mg/kg bwt for 5 days. The findings revealed that CdCl2 injection induced significant decreases in kidney weight and kidney index. Cadmium intoxication increased the activities of liver enzymes and the bilirubin level, in addition to the levels of uric acid, urea and creatinine were increased in the serum. The pre-administration of MEPh alleviated hepatorenal toxicity in Cd-treated rats. Physalis was noted to play a good hepatorenal protective role, reducing lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, and enhancing enzymatic activities and non-enzymatic antioxidant molecule, glutathione, in hepatic and renal tissues of Cd-treated rats. Moreover, physalis treatment was able to reverse the histopathological changes in liver and kidney tissues and also increased the expression of Bcl-2 protein in liver and kidney of rats. Overall, the results showed that MEPh can induce antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects and also exerts beneficial effects for the treatment of Cd-induced hepatorenal toxicity. � 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
The potential role of Azadirachta indica treatment on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in female rats
(2013) Dkhil M.A.; Al-Quraishy S.; Aref A.M.; Othman M.S.; El-Deib K.M.; Abdel Moneim A.E.; Department of Zoology; College of Science; King Saud University; Riyadh 11451; Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology and Entomology; Faculty of Science; Helwan University; Cairo 11795; Egypt; Biological Science Department; Faculty of Dentistry; Modern Science and Arts University (MSA); Giza 12111; Egypt; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department; Faculty of Pharmacy; Modern Science and Arts (MSA); Giza 12111; Egypt; Molecular Drug Evaluation Department; National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR); Giza 12553; Egypt; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Asturias Institute of Biotechnology; University of Oviedo; Oviedo 33006; Spain
Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (neem, family: Meliaceae) is perhaps the most commonly used traditional medicinal plant of India. In this study we investigated the protective effect of methanolic neem leaves extract (MNLE; 500 mg/Kg bwt) on rats treated with cisplatin (CDDP)-induced hepatotoxicity. Adult rats were randomly divided into four groups. CDDP was given to rats by intraperitoneal injection, while MNLE was given by oral gavage for 5 days after the CDDP injection. The injury and oxidative stress caused by CDDP on the liver and the effect of MNLE were evaluated by measuring (a) histological changes, (b) tissue biochemical oxidant and antioxidant parameters, and (c) investigating apoptosis markers immunohistochemically and by real time PCR. After treatment with MNLE, the histological damage and apoptosis induction caused by cisplatin were improved. Malondialdehyde and nitric oxide were significantly decreased; the antioxidant system, namely, glutathione content, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly elevated. In conclusion, MNLE may have a potential role when combined with cisplatin in chemotherapy to alleviate cisplatin-induced damage and oxidative stress in liver. 2013 Mohamed A. Dkhil et al.