Browsing by Author "Aboushousha, Tarek"

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Comparative Expression of RAGE and SOX2 in Benign and Malignant Prostatic Lesions. Asian Pacific
(PMC, 2019) El Ganzoury, Hossam; Eldahshan, Samir; Omran, Zeinab; Moussa, Mona; Helal, Noha; Abdelnaser, Khadega; Lashen, Rana; Aboushousha, Tarek
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common health problem in elderly. RAGE (Receptor for advanced glycation end products) is overexpressed in multiple human cancers. SOX2 (Sex-determining region Y box 2) also functions as an oncoprotein and promotes cancer progression but the mechanisms involved remain largely unknown. Aim: The current study investigated the expression patterns of RAGE and SOX2 in benign and malignant prostate samples in correlation with the histopathological findings in order to evaluate their role as prognostic markers or therapeutic targets. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for RAGE and SOX2 antibodies was applied on 87 prostatic biopsies [16 of prostatitis, 20 of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 51 of PCa]. Results: Expression of RAGE and SOX2 (percentage of positive cells) was significantly higher in PCa lesions compared with prostatitis (p<0.01) and BPH (p<0.0001) and was also significantly higher in prostatitis compared with BPH lesions (p<0.01). Also, percentage of positive RAGE and SOX2 cells showed a significant stepwise increase from Gleason Grade 3 to Grade 5 and were significantly higher in high Gleason Scores (≥8) compared to lower Scores (≤7) with statistical significance (p=0.001). Conclusion: RAGE and SOX2 were up-regulated in prostate cancer lesions, mainly in advanced grades, suggesting an active role of both antigens in the development and progression of prostate cancer and expecting the possibility of their use as therapeutic targetsM
DIFFERENTIAL GLUT1 EXPRESSION IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA AND PERI-MALIGNANT CHRONIC VIRUS C HEPATITIS
(2016-12) Helal, Noha; Ageez, Amr; Hirzi, Halima; Aboushousha, Tarek
Background: Hepatitis C virus [HCV] is a major public health concern. Hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] is one of the most fatal cancers in humans with rising incidence in many regions around the world. Glucose is the major source of energy for cells. Cancer cells are known to have increased glucose uptake and enhanced glycolytic metabolism. Glucose transporter 1 [GLUT1] is a ratelimiting transporter for glucose uptake, and its expression correlates with glycolysis. GLUT1 is over expressed in many human cancers including HCC. Results: GLUT1 expression was detected in 85.7%, 83.3% and 50% of HCC, dysplasia and peri- malignant groups respectively. GLUT1 expression was mainly expressed as membranous staining in all studied groups; however cytoplasmic and nuclear expression were also detected. Marked intensity staining was detected only in HCC group while mild intensity predominated in peri- malignant group. Mean percentage of GLUT1 positive hepatocytes increased significantly in HCC group than in other groups and increased with rising in HCC grade. Patchy pattern of GLUT1 expression predominates in all groups. Conclusion: GLUT1 lower expression in peri-malignant tissue and its higher expression in dysplastic lesions and sustained expression in hepatocellular carcinoma indicates that changes in GLUT1 levels represent early events during the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. So GLUT1 can be a reliable marker in the diagnosis of premalignant lesions associated with HCV infection, and usage of antagonists to GLUT1 can regulate tumor metabolism and inhibit the progression of chronic liver disease to hepatocellular carcinoma.
HEPPAR1 and PIWIL2 as Panel Markers for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
(Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention : APJCP, 2024-06) Hammad, Gehan; Magdy, Mona; Aboushousha, Tarek; Abdelraouf, Amr; Mamdouh, Samah
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression profiles of PIWI-like protein- 2 (PIWIL2), and HepPar1 and their immunohistochemical (IHC) characteristics in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), and determine their correlation with clinicopathological parameters of this type of cancer to determine their diagnostic value in combination. METHODS: Seventy-five patients with HCC were assessed for the expression of PIWIL2 in serum and tissue using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and IHC was performed for PIWIL2 and HepPar1 was performed on all patients. RESULTS: A statistically significantly higher level of PIWIL2 was found in HCC compared to controls (p≤0.001). Both HepPar1 and PIWIL2 were detected in 84% of HCC cases, the diagnostic and prognostic factors for PIWIL2 were found to be significant in liver tumour tissue samples and non-tumorous sections p<0.001, and the same was observed for serum samples and results of healthy serum controls (p<0.001) when compared to AFP. CONCLUSION: Our results affirm the hypothesis that reactivation of PIWI expression in various caner types is crucial for cancer development, and that a possible panel maybe used for these markers HCC diagnosis.
IL-4, IL-17 and CD163 Immunoexpression and IL-6 Gene Polymorphism in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients and Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma
(Asian cancer center, 3/30/2021) Aboushousha, Tarek; Emad, Marine; Rizk, Gina; Ragab, Khaled; Hammam, Olfat; Fouad, Rabab; Helal, Noha Said
Objective: To assess the expression of IL-4, IL-17 and CD-163 as well as study of IL6-572 C/G gene polymorphism in chronic HCV and HCC on top of HCV. Methods: Sixty HCC specimens and 60 adjacent hepatic tissue with HCV of different grades of necro-inflammation and different stages of fibrosis. In addition to 55 HCV, 60 HCC and 50 healthy venous blood samples for evaluation of IL6-572 C/G gene polymorphism. Results: high expression of IL-4, IL-17 and CD163 in higher grades of activity, late stages of fibrosis and higher degrees of steatosis of HCV. IL-4 and CD163 showed higher expression in advanced grades of HCC, while IL-17 more expressed in lower grades. No significant difference in IL6-572 C/G gene polymorphism among studied groups regarding G/C, G/G, C/C frequencies or G and C allele’s frequencies. Conclusion: IL-4, IL-17 and CD163 were associated with HCV severity. Their expression in HCC suggests their important role in HCC development. Blocking of these proteins may be a good target to control inflammation in HCV and can hinder progression to cirrhosis then to HCC. On the other hand, IL6-572 promoter gene polymorphism is neither associated with HCV infection nor with HCC development and its progression.
Immunohistochemical Expression of CD90, CD133, and TPM1 in Relation to Gastric Cancer and H. pylori Association
(Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention, 2023-06) Gamal, Noha Sayed; Ashraf, Salma; Hesham, Noha; Aboushousha, Tarek; Hegab, Fatma; Safwat, Gehan; Magdy, Mona
Gastric cancer (GC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Multiple malignancies overexpress CD90, making it a helpful diagnostic and prognostic marker. CD133 is suggested to be related to poor prognosis in GC. Tropomyosin-1 (TPM1) tumor-suppressor gene low expression may predict poor survival in GC. Our study aimed to investigate CD90, CD133, and TPM1 immunohistochemical expression in GC in relation to diagnosis, prognosis, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Methods: 144 paraffin blocks containing gastric cancerous (108 cases), and non-cancerous (36 cases) tissue were analyzed histopathologically for the type of lesion, grade, and stage of malignancy and by using an immunohistochemical assay for studying the expression of CD90, CD133, and TPM1. Data analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: The obtained results showed a significantly higher expression of CD90 and CD133 while showing a significantly lower expression of TPM1 in malignant samples compared to benign ones. CD90 was significantly higher in grade-3, stage-3, and N3 (p<0.05), with no significant difference concerning positive and negative H. pylori samples. CD133 percentage and H-score were significantly higher in grade-2 and stage-4 tumors than in other grades and stages, while being insignificantly higher in N3 and H. pylori-positive cases. TPM1 expression levels were significantly downregulated in GC and H. pylori-positive cases (p<0.05). TPM1 downregulation was associated with grade progression, increased depth of invasion, and tumor node metastasis. Conclusion: CD90, CD133, and TPM1 immunohistochemical expression in the gastric biopsy are related firmly to grades and stages of GC as well as H. pylori infection, so they could be of prognostic value. Further studies on a larger sample size are recommended.
Immunohistochemical Expression of CD90, CD133, and TPM1 in Relation to Gastric Cancer and H. pylori Association
(Asian Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention, 2023-06) Gamal, Noha Sayed; Ashraf, Salma; Hesham, Noha; Aboushousha, Tarek; Hegab, Fatma; Safwat, Gehan; Magdy, Mona
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Multiple malignancies overexpress CD90, making it a helpful diagnostic and prognostic marker. CD133 is suggested to be related to poor prognosis in GC. Tropomyosin-1 (TPM1) tumor-suppressor gene low expression may predict poor survival in GC. Our study aimed to investigate CD90, CD133, and TPM1 immunohistochemical expression in GC in relation to diagnosis, prognosis, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Methods: 144 paraffin blocks containing gastric cancerous (108 cases), and non-cancerous (36 cases) tissue were analyzed histopathologically for the type of lesion, grade, and stage of malignancy and by using an immunohistochemical assay for studying the expression of CD90, CD133, and TPM1. Data analysis was carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: The obtained results showed a significantly higher expression of CD90 and CD133 while showing a significantly lower expression of TPM1 in malignant samples compared to benign ones. CD90 was significantly higher in grade-3, stage-3, and N3 (p<0.05), with no significant difference concerning positive and negative H. pylori samples. CD133 percentage and H-score were significantly higher in grade-2 and stage-4 tumors than in other grades and stages, while being insignificantly higher in N3 and H. pylori-positive cases. TPM1 expression levels were significantly downregulated in GC and H. pylori-positive cases (p<0.05). TPM1 downregulation was associated with grade progression, increased depth of invasion, and tumor node metastasis. Conclusion: CD90, CD133, and TPM1 immunohistochemical expression in the gastric biopsy are related firmly to grades and stages of GC as well as H. pylori infection, so they could be of prognostic value. Further studies on a larger sample size are recommended.
Molecular Detection of Genetic Susceptibility to Bladder Cancer in Egyptian Patients
(Asia Pacific Organization for Cancer Prevention (APOCP), 2022-01) Mamdouh, Samah; Khorshed, Fatma; Hammad, Gehan; Elesaily, Khaled; Safwat, Gehan; Hammam, Olfat; Aboushousha, Tarek
Objective: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a number of genetic variants associated with the susceptibility of bladder cancer (BC) in European and Chinese populations. Here, we assessed the association of two of these variants, rs9642880 and rs710521 in an Egyptian patients and also examined the expression of c-Myc.The basis was due to the absence of studies on Egyptian patients to determine the association between rs9642880& rs710521 and bladder cancer risk, particularly due to the known role of the variant (rs9642880) in the Progression and development of bladder cancer. Methods: Urine samples were collected from onehundred and fiftybladder cancer patients under particular standards and fifty healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted, rs9642880 G>T and rs710521 A>G polymorphisms were amplified, assessed via restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) and sequenced. Urine retrieved results were compared to the histopathological diagnosis of tissue biopsies and to the results of C-Myc immunohistochemistry. Data were statistically analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2016, association between significant genotypes of the two studied variables and bladder cancer risk was performed. Results: We found that the TT genotype of rs9642880 G>T was strongly associated with the risk of bladder cancer, andfor rs710521 A>G, AG genotype was also identified to has an association with bladder cancer risk.All 150 tumor sections showed positive immunoreactivity for c-Myc in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Conclusion: Identifying the association to risk of bladder cancer using genetic analysis will help in the early detection of the disease.
TP53 Mutation for Prediction of Tumor Recurrence and Metastasis in Bladder Cancer Patients
(Springer nature, 2022-03) Mamdouh, Samah; Khorshed, Fatma; Aboushousha, Tarek; Safwat, Gehan; Elesaily, Khaled
Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed malignancies worldwide. Its complex etiopathogenesis is dependent on numerous risk factors that can be divided into three distinct categories: genetic and molecular abnormalities, chemical or environmental exposure and previous genitourinary disorders and family history of different malignancies. This study highlights the genetic and molecular abnormalities that considered to be part of bladder carcinogenesis such as genetic mutations of TP53. To date, cystoscopy remains the gold standard for diagnosis, butit is invasive and uncomfortable. Hence, many efforts are focusing on the development of accuratenon-invasive diagnostic tests for BC, consequently, this study aims to develop a new non-invasive and reliable test to accurately detect TP53 mutations in urine sediments of Egyptian BC patients and to evaluate the influence of their genetic status on tumor metastasis and recurrence as they are the main problems during the disease. Methods: A total of 150 BC patients and 50 healthy volunteers as controls were enrolled in this study, urine samples were obtained from all participants. DNA was extracted and TP53 mutations were examinedin exons (2+3), 4 and 5 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). All PCR products were subjected to bidirectional sequencing. Results: Fifty four (36.0%) patients of 150 were mutated in exon (2+3) with statistically higher significant in patients when compared to controls (P = 0.001),while 96 patients(64.0%) in Exon 4, and 111 patients(74.0%) in Exon 5 with the same (P = 0.001).Moreover, a significant association was observed between TP53 status with tumor stage and grade, being alterations more common in high-stage and high-grade tumors. Conclusion: We conclude that TP53genetic mutations are independent prognostic factors for tumor metastasis and recurrence and the genetic alternation of TP53 could be used for prediction of bladder tumorigenesis.