MSA Repository "MSAR"

MSAR University's Digital Repository is a documentation and digitization of all university outcomes that are of effective value in the scientific and academic community and reflects the university's image, work, and effective contribution to society Through MSAR Digital Repository, the university managed to collect, store, archive and publish digital content - including documents, audio files, images and data sets - all in a safe place. MSAR is one of the strongest University Digital Repositories in Egypt and documented in the DSPACE community with its latest versions.

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    Unveiling the Transparency-FDI Nexus: A Cross-Country Analysis of BRICS Countries
    (MSA University, 2024) Adham Tarek
    Corruption is seen as a crucial factor that investors take into account when making judgements. Therefore, This study examines the relation between corruption and foreign direct investment (FDI) levels in the BRICS countries, namely Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, from 2002 to 2022. This research study intends to investigate the impact of corruption on the levels of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the BRICS states, considering their rapid ascent and the attention they have received on the international stage. In order to examine the impact of corruption on specific countries, an ARDL&OLS model is performed on each of the five states. Corruption is significant in many nations, although there is an inverse association between corruption and foreign direct investment (FDI) in Russia, India, China, and South Africa. However, in Brazil, there is a positive relation between corruption and FDI .
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    Bioactive glass nanoparticles induce intrinsic p53-dependent apoptosis and promote genomic instability via ROS overproduction and mitochondrial depolarization in triple-negative breast cancer cells
    (Nature Research, 2026-01-06) Hanan R. H. Mohamed; Mayada E. Borai; Shahd Mosaad; Aya A. Osman; Alaa H. Elsewedy; Habiba M. Zaki; Ayman Diab; Gehan Safwat
    Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is among the most aggressive breast cancer subtypes, characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HER2 expression. The lack of these molecular targets, combined with the limitations of current treatment, particularly chemotherapy, which suffers from poor tumor selectivity, systemic toxicity, rapid development of resistance, and high recurrence rates, underscores the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies. Nanoparticle-based therapies have emerged as promising alternatives to overcome these challenges. Bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGNps), in particular, are recognized for their biocompatibility and multifunctional biological activity, yet their anticancer potential against TNBC remains fully unexplored. This study therefore aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and molecular mechanisms of BGNps in highly aggressive triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Cells were treated with two-fold increasing concentrations of BGNps (7.8–1000 µg/ml), and cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay. Genomic DNA integrity was evaluated using the alkaline comet assay, while oxidative stress and mitochondrial function were measured with 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (2′,7′-DCFH-DA) and Rhodamine-123 staining, respectively. Apoptotic induction was further examined using DAPI nuclear staining and chromatin diffusion assays, and transcriptional regulation of apoptosis- and mitochondria-related genes was analyzed by qRT-PCR. The results of MTT assay demonstrated that BGNps exerted potent, concentration-dependent cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 cells, with an IC50 value of 184.3 µg/ml. Treatment with BGNps at the IC50 concentration induced excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, severe mitochondrial membrane depolarization, extensive genomic DNA damage, and pronounced apoptotic cell death in MDA-MB-231 cancer cells. These effects were associated with marked upregulation of p53 and concurrent downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and mitochondrial ND3 genes, amplifying oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. In conclusion, BGNps display strong potential as a novel nanotherapeutic for TNBC, offering an effective alternative to conventional chemotherapy. Their multi-step mechanism; encompassing ROS induction, mitochondrial disruption, and apoptosis activation, highlights their promise in overcoming the intrinsic resistance and therapeutic limitations of this highly aggressive breast cancer subtype.
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    Pyrazole derivatives as dual COX-2/EGFR inhibitors with anticancer potential: Optimization of difenamizole Analogs
    (Academic Press Inc, 2026-03-02) Kawther O. Farag; Mai S. Nour; Mai M. Abdelhafez; Noha M. Ibrahim; Hatem A. Abdel-Aziz; Samar H. Fahim
    COX-2 and EGFR are overexpressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) representing attractive therapeutic targets. Based on the non-selective COX inhibitor “Difenamizole”, which is characterized by its BBB-penetrating ability, we designed novel analogues with larger N-substituents to enhance COX-2 selectivity and introduce EGFR inhibition. Derivatives 6c , 7c , 8c , 8d , 9d , and 10a showed potent analgesic effects with AUC values: 31.69–39.23, comparable to Celecoxib (AUC = 31.57) and better than Difenamizole (AUC = 27.05). Compounds 8d and 10a demonstrated potent COX-2 inhibitory activity, comparable to Celecoxib ( IC50 = 0.06 , 0.05 , and 0.05 μM , respectively ) with high selectivity for COX-2 over COX-1 (SI = 148.83 , 199.4 , and 298.6, respectively). Additionally, compound 10a showed potent inhibitory activity against EGFR (IC50 = 0.098 μM), approaching that of Erlotinib (IC50 = 0.06 μM). In glioblastoma cytotoxicity assays, compound 10a displayed significant cytotoxicity against U-251 cells (IC50 = 8.8 μM), comparable to Staurosporine (IC50 = 7.5 μM) and exceeding NS-398 (IC50 = 23.14 μM), as well as marked superior potency against SNB-75 cells ( IC 50 = 2.6 μM), exceeding both Staurosporine and NS-398 (IC50 = 12.9 and 16.2 μM). Taken together, compound 10a represents a promising dual-targeted candidate for controlling GBM, with particular efficacy against the SNB-75 cell line, and reveals a distinctive profile compared with previously reported pyrazole derivatives by combining high COX-2 selectivity, EGFR inhibition, and GBM cytotoxicity.
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    Combining 3D Multi-Object Reconstruction with Finite Element Analysis for Accurate Dental Modelling and Restoration
    (Elsevier Inc., 2026-02-01) Rawan N. AlKahtani; Yazan M. Allawi; Ghadah M. Aladhyani; Raghad A. Altassan; Sara S. AlShalawi; Tamer M. Nassef
    Introduction and aims: This study present a novel approach to dental digital modelling that combines 3D multi-object reconstruction with Finite Element Modelling (FEM) to create anatomically accurate and biomechanically stable dental models. The proposed approach overcomes limitations of traditional imaging techniques, such as resolution constraints, artifacts, noise, and poor soft tissue contrast, enabling precise analysis of stress distribution and material behaviour. Methods: A 3D model of a right maxillary central incisor (tooth no. 11) was developed and adapted into 4 variations receiving various prosthetic treatments: fibre post, resin core, and lithium disilicate crown (Model A); fibre post, resin core, and monolithic zirconia crown (Model B); lithium disilicate endocrown (Model C); and monolithic zirconia endocrown (Model D). Models and prosthetic treatments were created in accordance to dimensions reported in the literature. Results: Preliminary Finite Element Analyses (FEAs) were performed to evaluate the mechanical behaviour and structural integrity of the models. Under a static load of 100 N applied at a 45° angle, the simulations revealed no significant deformations or irregular stress concentrations. Model A consisted of 33,235 nodes and 19,718 elements, while the simpler design of Model C reduced computational demands to 28,660 nodes and 17,253 elements. Monolithic zirconia, with an elastic modulus of 202,767 MPa, demonstrated superior structural stability across all simulations. Conclusion: By integrating evidence-based material and structural properties, our approach consistently produces semi-realistic models with adequate mesh density, enabling accurate representation of oral dynamics and precise force transmission across model components. Clinical Relevance: These findings suggest that anatomically accurate dental models generated through advanced digital modelling and analysed using FEA can realistically simulate occlusal forces, offering a reliable platform for assessing new therapeutic dental approaches and improve upon existing treatment methods to optimise clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction.
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    Pyrolysis characteristics of metal-organic frameworks: TG-FTIR, TG-GC-MS, kinetic, thermodynamic and artificial neural network modelling
    (Elsevier B.V., 2026-01-03) Samy Yousef; Javad Hashemibeni; Justas Eimontas; Nerijus Striūgas; Giedrius Janušas; Asta Bronušienė; Mohammed Ali Abdelnaby
    Pyrolysis is one of the most promising methods for transforming metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as precursors into metal-based products with tailored properties by decomposing their organic linkers into smaller molecules and carbonaceous. This research aims to explore the fundamental pyrolysis behavior of MOFs for potential upscaling. The experiments were performed on the laboratory-prepared nickel MOFs doped on magnetic graphene oxide composite (NiMOF@MGO) and its elemental and proximate analysis were investigated. The main active pyrolysis zones of MOFs were identified by thermogravimetric (TG) anlyzer, while TG-Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and TG-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TG-GC-MS) were used to characterize the composition of the vapors emitted from each zone. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the pyrolyzed MOFs were determined using different linear methods (Kissinger-Akihira-Sonoze, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, and Friedman) and nonlinear Vyazovkin methods to determine the activation energy (Ea) required to terminate the reaction. In addition, an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm was constructed and trained to predict the thermal degradation of MOFs under ambiguous heating rate parameters. Physical analysis showed that MOFs contain high content of volatile matter (72.04 wt%) and carbon element (21.30 wt%). The TG results showed three active pyrolysis zones (at 160–178 °C, 290–306 °C, 410–433 °C) with an overall weight loss of 73 wt%. Based on TG-FTIR analysis, CO bond (carbonyl) was the main group of the vapor emitted from the first active zone, while asymmetric stretching vibration of CO2was the main group of the other zones. While GC-MS showed that ethyl cyanoacetate (reactive core of linkers) was the dominant compound in all active regions with a abundance ranging from 60.94 % to 70.31 % at 5 °C/min. The kinetic analysis showed that MOFs linkers consume low Ea for decomposition in the range of 164–202 kJ/mol (Ea), while the thermodynamic parameters were estimated in the ranges of 158755–196,288 J/mol.K (enthalpy), −11,059 to −18,184 J/mol.K (Gibbs free energy), and 232–287 J/mol.K (entropy). The constructed ANN algorithm also showed high performance in predicting the degradation of MOFs with R ≥ 0.999 and MSE in the range of 0.0427–0.0683. Accordingly, pyrolysis can be considered a promising technology not only for producing metal-based products from MOFs, but also for valorisation of their organic linkers into value-added chemicals.