MSA Repository "MSAR"

MSAR University's Digital Repository is a documentation and digitization of all university outcomes that are of effective value in the scientific and academic community and reflects the university's image, work, and effective contribution to society Through MSAR Digital Repository, the university managed to collect, store, archive and publish digital content - including documents, audio files, images and data sets - all in a safe place. MSAR is one of the strongest University Digital Repositories in Egypt and documented in the DSPACE community with its latest versions.

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    HCV RNA detection in hepatic and extrahepatic tissues after DAA-induced sustained virologic response
    (Association of Basic Medical Sciences of FBIH, 2026-06-14) Samah Mamdouh; Hussam Hamdy; Tarek Aboushousha; Mona Magdy; Gehan Hammad; Mohamed Shemis; Amr Abdelraouf
    The complete eradication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) from both hepatic and extrahepatic compartments following successful direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy remains an area of ongoing investigation. This study aimed to detect HCV RNA signals in serum and tissue samples from 40 patients who had achieved a sustained virologic response (SVR). Paired serum samples (pre-treatment and post-SVR) were analyzed concurrently with liver, gallbladder, bile, pancreatic, and splenic tissues. These tissue samples were obtained during clinically indicated surgical procedures performed 4–12 weeks after SVR. HCV RNA was quantified using a real-time PCR assay, adapted exploratorily for tissue matrices. Statistical analysis encompassed paired comparisons for serum samples and descriptive analysis for tissue findings. All patients exhibited complete clearance of serum HCV RNA post-treatment (P < 0.001). Nevertheless, HCV RNA signals were detected in 11 of 40 liver tissue samples (27.5%) and in 6 of 40 gallbladder and bile samples (15%). Furthermore, detection was observed in the sole pancreatic sample (1/1) and in two of three splenic samples (2/3). Due to the constrained sample sizes, the extrahepatic findings are presented descriptively. Viral load measurements varied across tissues and are reported as median values with interquartile ranges. In conclusion, HCV RNA signals were detected in hepatic and selected extrahepatic tissues despite undetectable serum PCR following DAA therapy. It is crucial to note that these findings represent molecular detection exclusively and do not confirm active viral replication or persistence. These results should be considered exploratory and necessitate validation through strand-specific assays and larger patient cohorts.
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    Ethnopharmacological insights into type 2 diabetes management by traditional Moroccan herbal teas: HPLC-MS characterization of phenolic compounds and their related antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 2026-09-26) Ahmed Zayed; Meryem El Jemli; Mourad Kharbach; My El Abbes Faouzi; Rasha Ali Radwan; Shahira M. Ezzat
    Background: Traditional Moroccan herbal teas are widely consumed and have been traditionally used for managing chronic metabolic disorders, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although these preparations have a long history of ethnomedicinal use, their phenolic composition and biological activities remain insufficiently characterized. Scientific validation is needed to support their traditional application and provide evidence for their potential relevance to T2DM management. This study aimed to characterize the phenolic profile, antioxidant potential, and carbohydrate-digestive enzyme inhibitory activity of 21 traditional Moroccan herbal teas used for glycaemic control. Methods: Phenolic constituents were identified and quantified using HPLC-MS. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated through DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase were assessed in vitro. Correlation analyses were conducted to explore associations between phenolic constituents and biological activities. Findings: Marked variability in total phenolic content (TPC) was observed, with Mentha × piperita and Thymus broussonetii exhibiting the highest levels at 883.2 ± 13.0 and 746.8 ± 22.4 mg GAE/g dry weight, respectively. Antioxidant activity varied substantially among the investigated teas, with T. broussonetii (FRAP reducing power: 423.6 ± 9.8 µg/mL) and Mentha rotundifolia (162.6 ± 0.6 µg/mL) showing significant reducing capacities. TPC exhibited strong positive correlations with antioxidant indices (r = 0.93–0.96). Pelargonium graveolens presented potent α-amylase inhibition (IC50 = 2.98 ± 1.7 µg/mL), whereas Mentha viridis and Calamintha officinalis were among the most active α-glucosidase inhibitors (IC50 = 1.9 ± 0.4 and 1.2 ± 0.1 µg/mL, respectively). Negative correlations were found between rutin (r = − 0.49) and gallic acid (r = − 0.44) contents and α-amylase IC50 values. Conclusion: The investigated Moroccan herbal teas exhibited variable antioxidant and digestive-enzyme inhibitory activities that were associated with their phenolic composition. Variability among samples may reflect differences in plant species and environmental or agronomic factors. These findings provide comparative in vitro evidence supporting the traditional use of Moroccan herbal teas and highlight several species as promising sources of bioactive phenolics. However, the present findings do not establish therapeutic efficacy, and further in vivo, mechanistic, pharmacokinetic, and clinical studies are required to confirm their efficacy, safety, and clinical relevance.
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    Ancient mitochondrial DNA analysis of human remains in the era of next- generation sequencing
    (Elsevier B.V., 2026-09-29) Dina W. Ibrahim; Haidan Mostafa El-Shorbagy; Ismail A. Abdelhamid; Yehia Z. Gad
    The analysis of ancient DNA (aDNA) has become important in recent years, providing new insights on human evolution and population history. Since the emergence of ancient DNA analysis in the mid-eighties, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis has been an essential tool in paleogenomic research. Compared to nuclear DNA, its small, circular, multicopy genome is collectively less susceptible to chemical damage and fragmentation and has more potential for retrievability. Despite its longevity, mtDNA's maternal inheritance with no recombination allows researchers to reconstruct maternal lineages and thus partially track human ancestry and migratory patterns. The accuracy and authenticity of mtDNA data retrieved from paleontological and archaeological remains have improved significantly over the past three decades, driven by advances ranging from enhanced contamination control to next-generation genome sequencing and target enrichment. The current review highlights the challenges of recovering and authenticating ancient mtDNA, including DNA fragmentation, postmortem DNA damage, contamination, heteroplasmy, and nuclear mitochondrial sequences (Numts), which can complicate research results. Within this context, the review addresses the rapidly changing sequencing technologies and the use of specialized bioinformatics software that tackle these challenges and enable researchers to reconstruct almost complete mtDNA genomes from human remains. Although mtDNA analysis has limitations and provides only a partial view of the human genomic architecture, it remains an important tool for analyzing maternal ancestry and generating authenticated genomic information of ancient human populations.
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    The WHO‑ISoP Pharmacovigilance Curriculum: 2026 Update
    (Springer Nature, 2026-09-20) Jürgen Beckmann; Marco Tuccori; Priya Bahri; Francesco Salvo; Mónica Tarapués; Manal M. Younus; Hussain Al Ramimmy; Mayada Alkhakany; Thamir Alshammari; Beate Aurich; Nicole Baker; Madhava Balakrishnan; Ghita Benabdallah; Pernette Bourdillon Esteve; Ian Boyd; Siva Kumar Buddha; Gianmario Candore; Emiliano Cappello; Angela Caro‑Rojas; Rebecca Chandler; Jerin Jose Cherian; Karen Cohen; Salvatore Crisafulli; Shelley Deeks; Jean‑Christophe Delumeau; Moin Don; Joan Dsouza; Ernest D. Dzidzornu; Brian D. Edwards; I. Ralph Edwards; Jefman Efendi Marzuki HY; Albert Figueras; Mohammed I. Fouda; Ayako Fukushima; Giovanni Furlan; Georgy Genov; Gloria Giraldo; Michael Gold; Tarek Hammad; Kenneth Hartigan‑Go; Maria Teresa Herdeiro; Richard Hill; Noha Iessa; Katarina Ilic; Sujeet Jain; EunMi Kim; Larissa Kopp; Veronique Kugener; Smaragda Lamprianou; Navinisha Lee; Marie Lindquist; Michaela Lucas; Viola Macolic Sarinic; Ishak Mansi; Ushma C. Mehta; Johanna C. Meyer; Joseph Mitchell; Maryam Naeem; Comfort Ogar; Ladi Owolabi; Jayesh Pandit; Lembit Rägo; Emanuel Raschi; Hadir Rostom; Mulugeta Russom; George T. Sabblah; Maribel Salas; Souad Skalli; Fumihito Takanashi; Michael Tatley; Gianluca Trifro; Claudia Vaca; Florence van Hunsel; Eugène van Puijenbroek; Jessica Liliana Vargas‑Neri; Ryan J. Walker; Xinyu Weng; Ian C. K. Wong; Qun‑Ying Yue; Li Zhang; Omar Aimer; Shanthi N. Pal
    This article presents a pharmacovigilance (PV) curriculum which was jointly developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Society of Pharmacovigilance (ISoP). It is an expanded update of a PV curriculum which WHO and ISoP developed in 2014 and responds to major scientific, technological, regulatory, social and public health developments that have reshaped PV over the last 12 years. Topics such as advanced therapies, global health emergencies, antimicrobial resistance, digital health, artificial intelligence, real-world evidence, medical device safety, the environmental impact of medicines, risk communication and patient engagement are addressed. The curriculum was developed through an international collaboration involving 82 contributors from different regions and professional backgrounds. The original three-level hierarchical structure was retained, with each chapter divided into four sections and each section into five or six subsections. The number of chapters increased from 15 to 26, the number of practical tasks from 40 to 125 and the number of references from 260 to 469. Practical tasks and references are provided as Electronic Supplementary Materials. The curriculum provides a comprehensive and structured inventory of contemporary PV and thus represents a reference that lecturers and institutions can use to develop context-specific training programmes. Its structure provides conceptual clarity while allowing adaptation to different settings, learners’ roles and prior knowledge, local priorities, available time and resources. It is not intended to prescribe a single standardised course. Instead, it supports the development of introductory, advanced, comprehensive or topic-specific PV education programmes. The update reflects a shared commitment of the WHO and the ISoP to strengthening PV education and capacity across regulatory, academic, healthcare, public health and industrial settings in accordance with the recommendation of the 2026 World Health Assembly to strengthen PV.
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    IFRS adoption and the value relevance of accounting information: A panel data analysis of Egypt's emerging capital market
    (Growing Science, 2026-06-11) Gihan M. Ali; Mohamed S. El-deeb; Mohammad Zaid Alaskar
    This study examines the impact of mandatory International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption on the value relevance of accounting information in Egypt's emerging capital market. Using a panel dataset of 631 firm-year observations from non-financial companies listed on the Egyptian Stock Exchange during 2012–2024, the study investigates the association between stock prices and two key accounting measures, earnings per share (EPS) and book value per share (BVS), before and after the mandatory adoption of IFRS in 2016. The empirical analysis employs price-level valuation models, firm fixed-effects panel regressions with interaction terms, and robustness tests incorporating macroeconomic controls and year fixed effects. The findings reveal a significant structural change in the relationship between accounting information and market values following IFRS adoption. Specifically, the interaction between book value and IFRS adoption is positive and highly significant, indicating that IFRS implementation enhances the value relevance of balance-sheet information. In contrast, the interaction between earnings and IFRS adoption is statistically insignificant, suggesting limited improvement in the contemporaneous informativeness of earnings. Additional analyses show that value relevance varies across firm characteristics, with stronger effects observed among profit-making firms, Big4-audited firms, and larger companies. Overall, the results suggest that IFRS adoption improves the usefulness of financial reporting for equity valuation primarily through enhanced balance-sheet information. The study contributes new evidence from an emerging capital market and offers insights for investors, regulators, auditors, and policymakers seeking to improve financial reporting quality and market transparency.